(a) Two factors that affect the climate in India are : 

1. Altitude: As the height increases temperature decreases at the rate of 1°C for every 165 m of ascend. 

Example : Nainital has lower temperature than Agra. 

2. Distance from the sea: Places close to the sea have lower range of temperature i.e. moderate climate and places away from the influence of the sea have higher range of temperature i.e. continental climate. 

Example : Mumbai has lower range of temperature than Delhi as it is close to the sea. 

(b) Two differences between the rainfall that occur from June to September and from 

December to February are : 

1. Rainfall in June to September is caused by S.W. monsoon whereas rainfall in December to February is caused by temperate cyclones (western disturbances) originating in Mediterranean sea.

2. Rain in June to September is heavy ranging between 75 to 150 cm. whereas rain in Dec. to February is only 5 to 7 cm but beneficial for wheat and barley. 

(c) Geographical Reasons: 

(i) Kerala has the longest rainy season because it lies in the extreme south of India and it is the first and last to see the monsoon. 

(ii) Konkan coast experiences orographic rainfall because it lies of the wind ward side of western ghats when south west monsoon strikes it. 

(iii) Kanpur in Uttar Pradesh has a higher range of temperature than that of Chennai because Kanpur is located away from the sea and the equator. 

(d) (i) May is the hottest month. 

(ii) Annual rainfall is 131.9 cm. 

(iii) Maximum rainfall is received by North-East monsoon winds.