(a) Mention two administrative changes that the British Government bro

1.	(a) Mention two administrative changes that the British Government brought about regarding the East India Company’s rule in India.(b) Mention any two contributions of Jyotiba Phule in preparing the ground for the National Movement.(c) Who founded the Home Rule Leagues in India ? What was its objective ?(d) Who is regarded as the political guru of Mahatma Gandhi ? Give a reason for him being considered as the Mahatma’s Guru.(e) Mention any two causes for the rise of Assertive Nationalism.(f) Why was the Simon Commission rejected by the Congress ?(g) Who founded the Forward Bloc ? Mention any one of its objectives.(h) What is the meaning of ‘Fascism’ ?(i) Name the two rival blocs formed in Europe before World War I.(j) What is meant by the term ‘Non-Aligned Movement’ ?
Answer» (a) (i) Company’s board of control and Court of Directors were abolished. All their power was transferred to a cabinet minister, known as the secretary of state for India. (ii) Appointments to the civil service were to be made by open competition under rules made by the secretary of the state in council. (b) He worked for the upliftment of lower class and education of woman. He founded Satyashodhak Samaj (Society of Seekers of Truth) to attain equal rights for peasants and the lower caste. (c) In 1916, two Home Rule Movements were launched in the country : one under the leadership of Bal Gangadhar Tilak and the other under Annie Besant. The objectives of the Home Rule League were : Establishment of self-government for India in British Empire. Working for national education and social and political reforms. (d) Gopal Krishna Gokhale is regarded as the political guru of Mahatma Gandhi, after returning from South Africa and he received personal guidance from Gokhale, including a knowledge and understanding of India and the issues confronting common Indians. (e) The famine and plague, worsening of the Economic Conditions, Partition of Bengal, ill treatment of Indians in South Africa. (any two) (f) All the parties in India protested against the all British composition of the commission and there was no Indian member. It was rejected by the congress because its report was partial and inadequate. (g) Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose founded the Forward Bloc. Establishment of class less society and socialism was its main objective. (h) Fascism is derived from the word fasces which mean “a bundle of rods” which signifies Unity, Authority and strength. It was an intensely nationalistic, anti communistic and anti democratic movement. (i) Two rival blocks formed in Europe were Triple alliance (Germany Austria Hungary and Italy) and Triple Entente (Britain, France and Russia). (j) The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) is a group of states which are not formally aligned with or against any major power bloc. Non aligned nations judge an issue on its merit.

(a) Mention two administrative changes that the British Government brought about regarding the East India Company’s rule in India.(b) Mention any two contributions of Jyotiba Phule in preparing the ground for the National Movement.(c) Who founded the Home Rule Leagues in India ? What was its objective ?(d) Who is regarded as the political guru of Mahatma Gandhi ? Give a reason for him being considered as the Mahatma’s Guru.(e) Mention any two causes for the rise of Assertive Nationalism.(f) Why was the Simon Commission rejected by the Congress ?(g) Who founded the Forward Bloc ? Mention any one of its objectives.(h) What is the meaning of ‘Fascism’ ?(i) Name the two rival blocs formed in Europe before World War I.(j) What is meant by the term ‘Non-Aligned Movement’ ?

Answer»

(a) (i) Company’s board of control and Court of Directors were abolished. All their power was transferred to a cabinet minister, known as the secretary of state for India.

(ii) Appointments to the civil service were to be made by open competition under rules made by the secretary of the state in council.

(b) He worked for the upliftment of lower class and education of woman. He founded Satyashodhak Samaj (Society of Seekers of Truth) to attain equal rights for peasants and the lower caste.

(c) In 1916, two Home Rule Movements were launched in the country : one under the leadership of Bal Gangadhar Tilak and the other under Annie Besant. The objectives of the Home Rule League were : Establishment of self-government for India in British Empire. Working for national education and social and political reforms.

(d) Gopal Krishna Gokhale is regarded as the political guru of Mahatma Gandhi, after returning from South Africa and he received personal guidance from Gokhale, including a knowledge and understanding of India and the issues confronting common Indians.

(e) The famine and plague, worsening of the Economic Conditions, Partition of Bengal, ill treatment of Indians in South Africa. (any two)

(f) All the parties in India protested against the all British composition of the commission and there was no Indian member. It was rejected by the congress because its report was partial and inadequate.

(g) Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose founded the Forward Bloc. Establishment of class less society and socialism was its main objective.

(h) Fascism is derived from the word fasces which mean “a bundle of rods” which signifies Unity, Authority and strength. It was an intensely nationalistic, anti communistic and anti democratic movement.

(i) Two rival blocks formed in Europe were Triple alliance (Germany Austria Hungary and Italy) and Triple Entente (Britain, France and Russia).

(j) The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) is a group of states which are not formally aligned with or against any major power bloc. Non aligned nations judge an issue on its merit.

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