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(a) What are hydrocarbons?(b) Give difference between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons.(c) Why does carbon form large number of compounds?

Answer»

(a) Hydrocarbons – A compound of carbon and hydrogen.

(b)

SaturatedUnsaturated
1. C – C single bondC = C, C ≡ C double or triple bond.
2. Alkanes CnH2n+2Alkenes CnH2n, and Alkynes CnH2n+2
3. Undergo substitution reactionUndergo addition reaction Burns with 
4. Bums with blue flamesooty flame

Catenation – Self linking property which leads to long straight chains, branched chains and cyclic chains.

(c) Carbon forms large number of compounds due to

  1.  Isomerism – Compound of carbon can exist in more than one structural formula but has same molecular formula.
  2. Tetravalency – To acquire noble gas configuration, carbon shares its outer electrons with other elements, thus form covalent bond with other elements.


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