(a) Cash Budget: Cash Budget is a summary statement of the firm’s expected inflows and outflows of cash over a future time period. It involves a projection of future cash receipts and cash payments over different time intervals. 

A cash budget is helpful in: 

1. Determining the future cash requirements of the firm. 

2. Planning for financing of those requirements. 

3. Exercising control over cost and liquidity of the firm. 

(b) Formal Communication: Formal communication refers to the flow of information along the lines of authority deliberately and consciously established by the management in the organisation structure. It takes place from one position to another in the formal organisation. For example, the marketing manager of a company may send a revised price list to branch managers. Formal communication occurs both in writing mid orally. Orders, policy manuals, news bulletins, official meetings, interviews, etc., are main forms of formal communication. It is used for the transmission of official messages. Formal communication is authorised and well planned. 

(c) Whenever an account holder wants to deposit cash or cheque in his bank account, he has to fill in a form called pay-in-slip. Pay-in-slip has the name of the bank’s customer, account number, date, amount in words and figures, cheque number, bank’s name and branch, cashier’s signature etc. 

(d) ATM stands for Automated Teller Machine. An ATM renders teller’s job 24 hours a day. It is a self-service terminal which renders the facility of withdrawal and deposit of money to the bank customers. Each customer is given a separate plastic card to avail the services at the ATM. The customer has to insert the plastic card into the terminal and enter his identification code. The machine Would then respond to the customer’s instruction of giving cash, taking deposit and handling other banking transactions. 

(e) Brand Promotion: Brand promotion is a strategy that is commonly used in marketing in order to increase customer loyalty, awareness of products, and sales. Instead of focusing on a specific product or products, a company instead tries to focus on the promotion of its brand. This strategy has been proven to be very effective in marketing, and many companies currently employ it. Companies have used brand promotion for many years, and it is still successful in today’s market. With this strategy, one of the primary objectives of the company is to increase brand awareness. Brand promotion also leads to increases in sales in many cases