1.

(a) What is a Trade Union?(b) Enumerate two types of Warehouses found in India. (c) Explain the term “Budget”. (d) Give two advantages of Rail Transport over Road Transport.(e) Name any two forms of Non-Verbal Communication.

Answer»

(a) Trade union is the association of workers for maintaining and improving the conditions of their working lives and securing them a better status in the industry and the society. Workers form unions in order to resist employer’s exploitation and protect and safeguard their interests. 

(b) 

1. Private Warehouses: These warehouses are owned by manufacturers and traders to store the goods produced or purchased by them until they are sold out. The expenses of constructing, maintenance and insurance of private warehouses are paid for the their owners. Private warehouses are generally located in rural and suburban areas where space is available at low cost. 

2. Public Warehouses: Public warehouses may be owned by Government, public trusts and other public authorities. Any businessman can store his goods in these warehouses for some charge. Public warehouses are located in places which are well connected by roads, railways and water-ways/airways. 

(c) A budget is a plan expressed in quantitative or monetary terms for a specific period of time, usually one year. It is a financial statement prepared prior to a defined period of time, of the policy to be purchased during that period for the purpose of attaining a given objective. 

(d) 

1. Railway transport is more suitable for carrying bulky and heavy goods whereas road transport is not suitable for this. 

2. Rail transport remains relatively unaffected by rain, floods, fog etc. whereas road transport become affected. 

(e) 

1. Proximics: Use of interpersonal space in communication is known as proximics. When two persons purposefully maintain a distance between them while speaking to each other, it has a meaning. Proximics is an important part of non-verbal communication and it modifies the spoken words. 

2. Aural Communication: Aural or auditory methods of communication are those which are heard. Bells, buzzers, horns, whistles, etc., are sources of aural communication. Aural communication methods are used in commercial organisations to locate staff.



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