(a) What was the General Service Enlistment Act ? (b) What was the in

1.	(a) What was the General Service Enlistment Act ? (b) What was the influence of Western education on the minds of the educated Indians in the 19th Century ?(c) Who exposed the economic exploitation of India through his book ‘Poverty and Un-British Rule in India’ ?(d) What was the importance of the Lucknow Pact of 1916 ? (e) Name the leaders of the Khilafat Movement that was launched in India to champion the cause of the Caliph of Turkey. (f) Why was the Simon Commission boycotted by the Indians ?(g) What were the two proposals related to the Princely States in the Mountbatten Plan ?(h) What was the immediate cause of the First World War ? (i) What is meant by the term Cold War ? (j) Name the two architects of NAM.
Answer» (a) The General Service Enlistment Act of 1856 required all recruits to serve overseas. It ordered, a challenge to the castes who composed so much of the Bengal Army. (b) Western education widened the horizon of Indians. 1. It gave them a rational, secular, democratic and national outlook. 2. They learnt about the national movements in European Countries. 3. The slogan “Equality, Liberty and Fraternity”, of the American and French Revolutions, impressed them. 4. Revolutionary ideas of liberal thinks like Rousseau, Mazzini and Thomas Paine brought about social awareness and national consciousness among Indians. (c) Dadabhai Naoroji. (d) Importance of Lucknow Pact of 1916: 1. It brought about unity between Hindu and Muslim. 2. It also brought Aggressive and Moderate leaders at the same platform. (e) Mohammed Ali and Shaukat Ali. (f) (i) It was boycotted everywhere because all its memers were Englishmen. (ii) The government showed no inclination towards accepting the demand for Swaraj. (g) (i) The treaties with the princely States would come to end. (ii) They would be free to associate themselves with either of the Dominions or to remain independent. (h) (i) The Sarajevo incident is the immediate cause of the First World War. It is related to the assassination of Austrain Archduke Francies Ferdinand and his wife on June 28, 1914 iff Sarajevo where they were shot dead. (ii) Austria saw the hand of Serbia behind the assassination of the Prince and served Serbia with an ultimation. Due to the support of Russia, Serbia refused to accept the demands. So Austria declared a war on Serbia. (i) Cold War means a situation when there is no actual fighting but a tense atmosphere prevailes. After the Second World War, World was divided into two blocks and there was tension between two blocs (Soviet Bloc and USA Bloc). This tension was termed as Cold War. (j) Two architects of NAM: 1. President Sukarno of Indonesia 2. Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru of India.

(a) What was the General Service Enlistment Act ? (b) What was the influence of Western education on the minds of the educated Indians in the 19th Century ?(c) Who exposed the economic exploitation of India through his book ‘Poverty and Un-British Rule in India’ ?(d) What was the importance of the Lucknow Pact of 1916 ? (e) Name the leaders of the Khilafat Movement that was launched in India to champion the cause of the Caliph of Turkey. (f) Why was the Simon Commission boycotted by the Indians ?(g) What were the two proposals related to the Princely States in the Mountbatten Plan ?(h) What was the immediate cause of the First World War ? (i) What is meant by the term Cold War ? (j) Name the two architects of NAM.

Answer»

(a) The General Service Enlistment Act of 1856 required all recruits to serve overseas. It ordered, a challenge to the castes who composed so much of the Bengal Army.

(b) Western education widened the horizon of Indians.

1. It gave them a rational, secular, democratic and national outlook.

2. They learnt about the national movements in European Countries.

3. The slogan “Equality, Liberty and Fraternity”, of the American and French Revolutions, impressed them.

4. Revolutionary ideas of liberal thinks like Rousseau, Mazzini and Thomas Paine brought about social awareness and national consciousness among Indians.

(d) Importance of Lucknow Pact of 1916:

1. It brought about unity between Hindu and Muslim.

2. It also brought Aggressive and Moderate leaders at the same platform.

(e) Mohammed Ali and Shaukat Ali.

(f) (i) It was boycotted everywhere because all its memers were Englishmen.

(ii) The government showed no inclination towards accepting the demand for Swaraj.

(g) (i) The treaties with the princely States would come to end.

(ii) They would be free to associate themselves with either of the Dominions or to remain independent.

(h)

(i) The Sarajevo incident is the immediate cause of the First World War. It is related to the assassination of Austrain Archduke Francies Ferdinand and his wife on June 28, 1914 iff Sarajevo where they were shot dead.

(ii) Austria saw the hand of Serbia behind the assassination of the Prince and served Serbia with an ultimation. Due to the support of Russia, Serbia refused to accept the demands. So Austria declared a war on Serbia.

(i) Cold War means a situation when there is no actual fighting but a tense atmosphere prevailes. After the Second World War, World was divided into two blocks and there was tension between two blocs (Soviet Bloc and USA Bloc). This tension was termed as Cold War.

(j) Two architects of NAM:

1. President Sukarno of Indonesia

2. Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru of India.

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