(a) Why did the Doctrine of Lapse become a political cause for the res

1.	(a) Why did the Doctrine of Lapse become a political cause for the result of 1857 ?(b) Mention the regional association that each nationalist was associated with : (i) Surendranath Banerji (ii) Dadabhai Naoroji.(c) What were the two methods adopted by the radical nationalists in the freedom struggle ?(d) How did Lord Curzon justify the Partition of Bengal ?(e) How did the Hindu-Urdu controversy become an important factor in the formation of the Muslim League ?(f) Mention two contributions of INA (Indian National Army) to the Indian freedom movement. (g) How much did Germany have to pay as war reparation charges according to the Treaty of Versailles ?(h) Mention the Big Five countries that constitute the permanent members of the Security Council.(i) Mention two underlying similarities between Fascism and Nazism.(j) Mention two rival military alliances that were formed as an impact of the Cold War. Name the respective blocs they belonged to.
Answer» (a) According to Doctrine, if a ruler died without an heir to succeed him his adopted son neither inherit the throne nor the title, and in such cases, the state was to be annexed to the British empire in India. This caused a lot of discontent among Indians. States which became victims to this doctrine are Jhansi, Satara, Jaitpur, Sambalpur, Udaipur and Nagpur. (b) (i) Indian Association 1876—In Bengal. (ii) East India Association 1866—In London. (c) Swadeshi and Boycott, national education and passive resistance. (d) Lord Curzons Argument: The area of Bengal was too large and it was difficult for the British to administer efficiently. Hence according to Lord Curzon, Partition of Bengal was a administrative necessity. (e) Urdu was used as a court language in the United Province (U.P.). On a demand in 1900, all petitions were allowed to be submitted in Hindi, this caused resentment among Muslims leading to formation of the league. (f) Contributions of INA: 1. The INA uprisings inspired the Naval revolts in Bombay in February 1946. 2. Trial of INA officers attracted sympathy and British had to set them free though they were found to be guilty. (g) 33 billion dollars. (h) Britain, China, France, Russia and USA. (i) The two similarities between Fascism and Nazism are: 1. Both Mussolini and Hitler aimed at restoring the status and dignity of their nations by making them strong powers. 2. Both aimed at providing strong, stable and efficient Governments. 3. Both uphold one party and one man rule, to believe in aggression, to glorify war, anti-democracy.

(a) Why did the Doctrine of Lapse become a political cause for the result of 1857 ?(b) Mention the regional association that each nationalist was associated with : (i) Surendranath Banerji (ii) Dadabhai Naoroji.(c) What were the two methods adopted by the radical nationalists in the freedom struggle ?(d) How did Lord Curzon justify the Partition of Bengal ?(e) How did the Hindu-Urdu controversy become an important factor in the formation of the Muslim League ?(f) Mention two contributions of INA (Indian National Army) to the Indian freedom movement. (g) How much did Germany have to pay as war reparation charges according to the Treaty of Versailles ?(h) Mention the Big Five countries that constitute the permanent members of the Security Council.(i) Mention two underlying similarities between Fascism and Nazism.(j) Mention two rival military alliances that were formed as an impact of the Cold War. Name the respective blocs they belonged to.

Answer»

(a) According to Doctrine, if a ruler died without an heir to succeed him his adopted son neither inherit the throne nor the title, and in such cases, the state was to be annexed to the British empire in India. This caused a lot of discontent among Indians. States which became victims to this doctrine are Jhansi, Satara, Jaitpur, Sambalpur, Udaipur and Nagpur.

(b) (i) Indian Association 1876—In Bengal.

(ii) East India Association 1866—In London.

(d) Lord Curzons Argument: The area of Bengal was too large and it was difficult for the British to administer efficiently. Hence according to Lord Curzon, Partition of Bengal was a administrative necessity.

(e) Urdu was used as a court language in the United Province (U.P.). On a demand in 1900, all petitions were allowed to be submitted in Hindi, this caused resentment among Muslims leading to formation of the league.

(f) Contributions of INA: 1. The INA uprisings inspired the Naval revolts in Bombay in February 1946.

2. Trial of INA officers attracted sympathy and British had to set them free though they were found to be guilty.

(g) 33 billion dollars.

(h) Britain, China, France, Russia and USA.

(i) The two similarities between Fascism and Nazism are:

1. Both Mussolini and Hitler aimed at restoring the status and dignity of their nations by making them strong powers.

2. Both aimed at providing strong, stable and efficient Governments.

3. Both uphold one party and one man rule, to believe in aggression, to glorify war, anti-democracy.

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