Account for the following: (i) NH3 is a stronger base than PH3.(ii) S

1.	Account for the following: (i) NH3 is a stronger base than PH3.(ii) Sulphur has a greater tendency for catenation than oxygen.(iii) Bond dissociation energy of F2 is less than that of Cl2.
Answer» (i) NH₃ is stronger base than PH₃. This is because the lone pair of electrons on N atom in NH₃ is directed and not diffused as it is in PH₃ due to larger size of phosphorus and hence more available for donation. (ii) Sulphur has a greater tendency for catenation than oxygen because S-S bond is stronger than O – O bond due to less interelectronic repulsions. (iii) Bond dissociation energy of F₂ is less than Cl₂ this is due to relatively large electron – electron repulsion among the lone pairs in F₂ molecule where they are much closer to each other than in case of Cl₂.

Account for the following: (i) NH3 is a stronger base than PH3.(ii) Sulphur has a greater tendency for catenation than oxygen.(iii) Bond dissociation energy of F2 is less than that of Cl2.

Answer»

(i) NH₃ is stronger base than PH₃. This is because the lone pair of electrons on N atom in NH₃ is directed and not diffused as it is in PH₃ due to larger size of phosphorus and hence more available for donation.

(ii) Sulphur has a greater tendency for catenation than oxygen because S-S bond is stronger than O – O bond due to less interelectronic repulsions.

(iii) Bond dissociation energy of F₂ is less than Cl₂ this is due to relatively large electron – electron repulsion among the lone pairs in F₂ molecule where they are much closer to each other than in case of Cl₂.

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