1.

Answer thefollowing questions:(a) Quarksinside protons and neutrons are thought to carry fractional charges[(+2/3)e ;(−1/3)e].Why do they not show up in Millikan’s oil-drop experiment?(b) What is sospecial about the combination e/m?Why do we not simply talk of e andm separately?(c) Why shouldgases be insulators at ordinary pressures and start conducting atvery low pressures?(d) Every metalhas a definite work function. Why do all photoelectrons not come outwith the same energy if incident radiation is monochromatic? Why isthere an energy distribution of photoelectrons?(e) The energyand momentum of an electron are related to the frequency andwavelength of the associated matter wave by the relations:E= hν,p = Butwhile the value of λis physically significant, the value of ν(and therefore, the value of the phase speed νλ)has no physical significance. Why?

Answer»

Answer the
following questions:



(a) Quarks
inside protons and neutrons are thought to carry fractional charges
[(+2/3)
e ;
(−1/3)
e].
Why do they not show up in Millikan’s oil-drop experiment?



(b) What is so
special about the combination
e/m?
Why do we not simply talk of
e and
m separately?



(c) Why should
gases be insulators at ordinary pressures and start conducting at
very low pressures?



(d) Every metal
has a definite work function. Why do all photoelectrons not come out
with the same energy if incident radiation is monochromatic? Why is
there an energy distribution of photoelectrons?



(e) The energy
and momentum of an electron are related to the frequency and
wavelength of the associated matter wave by the relations:


E
= h
ν,
p =


But
while the value of
λ
is physically significant, the value of
ν
(and therefore, the value of the phase speed
νλ)
has no physical significance. Why?



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