1.

Briefly discuss the causes for non-cooperation movement, reasons for its suspension and significance.

Answer»

Solution :Reasons for suspension:
(i) The movement was highly successful in two ways, (a) Boycott programme, (b) Constructive programme. But it was suddenly called off by Gandhiji in 1922. It was to be a non violent movement.
(ii) Prior to launching Gandhiji had sought a pledge that all satyagrahas WOULD remain non-violent in word and deed. A group of peasants attacked and torched a police station in which several constables lost their lives. Gandhi called off the movement.
(c) Significance:
(i)It gave a new WAY to the struggle and transformed Indian nationalism by widening its socio-economic base.
(ii) The national movement became a multiclass movement. Professional and intellectuals, thousands of peasants WORKERS and artisans participated in it.
(iii) The movement was a high watermark of Hindus-Muslim unity which was broken eventually.
(iv) New leadership had risen-Gandhiji. He was considered as Mahatma, saviour, man with miraculous powers.
(d) Couple the non-cooperation movement with Khilafat movement:
(i) To broaden the struggle Gandhiji joined hands with the Khilafat movement that sought to restore the caliphate a symbol of Pan Islamism which had been abolished by Kemal Attaturk, the Turkish RULER.
(ii) Coupling with non cooperation Gandhi saw an opportunity to bring the two religious communities, Hindus and Muslims together, brought an END to the colonial rule.


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