Toxicity in Escherichia coli resulting from high concentrations of cobalt has .... Bacterial strains and plasmids used in the present study...

EIEC and Shigella strains are characterized by their possession of a largeplasmid, pINV, which encodes the ability to invade host cells (140). The Invplasmidis perhaps the most mosaic of theE.colivirulenceplasmids; in fact, nearly one-third of the Invplasmidencodes IS elements.

protein layer around some viruses is plasmidecoli is a gram negative bacteria and it is anerobic

plasmid is a genetic structure in a cell that can replicate independently of the chromosomes, typically a small circular DNA strand in the cytoplasm of a bacterium or protozoan. Plasmids are much used in the laboratory manipulation of genes.and E.Colin I.e-ishcherichia colii a bacteria, which found the elementary canals of human body.that gives to vitamin b12 for human body

these are the vector who transfer desired Gene into another organisms

e coli and plasmid are the vector that transfer our gene of interest

plasmid is extra chromosomal dna which can be used as vector to modified an organism that is animals and plants for desirable character and E.coli is prokaryotes .

plasmid is an extra chromosomal DNA while E.coli is a bacteria

a genetic structure in a cell that can replicate independently of the chromosomes, typically a small circular DNA strand in the cytoplasm of a bacterium or protozoan. Plasmids are much used in the laboratory manipulation of genes. coli (Escherichia coli), is a type of bacteria that normally lives in your intestines.

these are vectors helps in to transfer gene

plasmid is single stranded , extrachromosomal dna. Ecoli.- Escherichia coli