Motivation: The process of stimulating people to perform action and to make it possible to have maximum work satisfaction is called motivation.

Characteristics of motivation:

1. internal inspiration:

• Motivation is that strength or power which arises from inside of the individual.
• The feeling of motivation makes the person realize that something is lacking and when he gets inspired he marches to do .activity which can overcome that feeling of lacking.
• For example, a student may feel that he lacks in mathematics which is not allowing him to reach desired results. If he gets this realization, he may become motivated to work for it.

2. Psychological concept:

• Motivation is a psychological phenomenon.
• The mental status and approach of every person is different.
• As a result, the need of internal inspiration and its format is also different for every person.

3. Increases efficiency of employees:

• Motivated workers are encouraged to produce more.
• Motivation boosts their morale. Their productivity and efficiency also increase.
• Overall, these things together increase the profitability of business.

4. Continuous process:

• Once motivation process has started, it remains continuous.
• Employees should be motivated regularly to get the work done from them.
• Motivational direction and guidance should be provided to them.

5. Reduction in labour turnover rate:

• Motivation gives internal satisfaction to the employees and inspires them.
• Although workers get remuneration as per their work, motivation becomes an add-on to provide them satisfaction and respect.
• This keeps them motivated to stay in the organization and remain loyal to the company.

6. Achievement of goals: Motivation inspires the workers to function effectively. So, achievement of personal and business objectives become possible and easier.

7. Wider scope:

• Motivation is a wide concept.
• Motivation includes different terms like need, motive, desire, emotion, aim, choice, will power, eagerness, temptation, etc.

8. Adapting to changes in the organization:

• In modern time changes takes place very fast in industries and organizations. These changes constantly affect production, technology, raw material and other activities.
• Generally, the workers are not prepared to accept these changes quickly. They are reluctant towards new changes.
• If they are motivated well they will be able to adapt changes faster and easily. .

9. Tool to get co-operation: Motivation gives job satisfaction to the employees. As a result, they co-operate to their higher authorities.

10. Positive attitude:

• Motivation makes the attitude of people positive.
• Workers often face several problems. When these problems are heard and solved, they experience a feeling of respect for staffing as well as organization.
• They work, as if they are a part of the organization. Such a style of work makes possible the development of employees and business unit.

11. One of the functions of management:

• Motivation is an important part of the management.
• Managers have to get the work done from the living resources like employees and not from physical resources. Therefore, to motivate, is an important function.