1.

Define the term pollination. Differentiate between self pollination and cross pollination. What is the significance of pollination?

Answer»

• Pollination is when pollen grains from an anther, the male portion of a flower, are transferred to a female part in the flower, known as the stigma. 

• In order for pollination to be successful, the pollen grains transferred must be from a flower of the same species.

Types of Pollination:

Self-pollinationCross-pollination
This type of pollination occurs when pollen grains from the anther fall directly onto the stigma of the same flowerA more complex type of pollination that involves the transfer of pollen from the anther of one flower to the stigma of a different flower.
Although this type of pollination is simple and quick, it does result in a reduction in genetic diversity because the sperm and egg cells of the same flower share genetic information.This type of pollination results in an increase in genetic diversity because the different flowers are sharing and mixing their genetic information to create unique offspring.

Significance of Pollination 

•    Pollination is the act of transferring pollen grains from the male anther of a flower to the female stigma. 

•    Pollination is a very important part of the life cycle of plants. Insects, birds, bats and the wind take pollen between flowering plants, which means the plants can make seeds and reproduce. 

•    Its significance is to carry the pollen grains to the stigma for the process of fertilisation. 

•    It is of two types self pollination (from the anther to the stigma of the same flower) and cross pollination (anther to the stigma of another flower of a different plant of same species).


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