Describe the general trends in the following properties of the first s

1.	Describe the general trends in the following properties of the first series of the transition elements:(i) Stability of +2‐oxidation state (ii) Formation of oxometal ions
Answer» (i)The elements of first transition series show decreasing tendency to form divalent cation as we move left to right in the series. This trend is due to general increase in the first and second ionization energy. The greater stability of Mn²⁺ is due to half filled d⁵ configuration and that of zinc is due to d¹⁰ configuration. (ii) All metal except Sc from oxide of type MO which are basic. The highest oxidation number in all oxide, coincide with the group number and is attain in Sc₂O₃ to Mn₂O₇. Formation of oxoanions is due to high electro negativity and small size of oxygen atom.

Describe the general trends in the following properties of the first series of the transition elements:(i) Stability of +2‐oxidation state (ii) Formation of oxometal ions

Answer»

(i)The elements of first transition series show decreasing tendency to form divalent cation as we move left to right in the series. This trend is due to general increase in the first and second ionization energy. The greater stability of Mn²⁺ is due to half filled d⁵ configuration and that of zinc is due to d¹⁰ configuration.

(ii) All metal except Sc from oxide of type MO which are basic. The highest oxidation number in all oxide, coincide with the group number and is attain in Sc₂O₃ to Mn₂O₇. Formation of oxoanions is due to high electro negativity and small size of oxygen atom.

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