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Answer» (i) Red algae and Brown algae | Brown algae | Red algae | | (a) colour due to presence of fucoxanthin | colour due to the presence of phycoerythrin rin. | | (b) Chlorophyll a,c are present | Chlorophyll a, d are present | | (c) stored food mannitol and laminarin | stored food Floridian, starch etc. | | (d) cell wall is made up of cellulose and algin | cell wall is made up of cellulose, pectin and polysuiphate esters | | (e) unequal flagella are present | flagella are absent |
(ii) Liverworts and Moss | liverworts | moss | | (a) gametophyte consists of single-stage | gametophytes consists of two stages (Protonema and leafy stage) | | (b) Asexual reproduction is by fragmentation of thalli | Asexual reproduction is by fragrnentation& budding in secondary protonema | | (c) rhizoids are absent | rhizoids are present | | (d) example: Marchantia | example: Funaria polytrichum |
(iii) Homosporous and Heterosporous pteridophyte | Homosporous | Heterosporous pteridophy | | (a) all spores produced of similar kinds | pteridophyte two kinds of spores macro & microspores are produced | | (b) majority of pteridophytes are homosporous | Very few heterosporous pterido | | (c) e.g.: Psilotum | eg: selaginella, Salvinia |
(iv) Syngamy and triple fusion | Syngamy | Triple fusion | | (a) male gametes fuse with the egg cell | male gamete fuses with diploid secondary nucleus | | (b) zygote is produced | tripioid primary endosperm nucleus is produced (PEN) | | (c) zygote is diploid | PEN is triploid | | (d) zygote develops into an embryo | PEN develops into endosperm which provides nourishment to developing embryo |
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