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Explain Anomalous expansion of water.

Answer» <html><body><p></p>Solution :Anomalous expansion of water : <br/> Thermal expansion of water is non uniform with temperature. <br/> It contracts on heating between `0^(@)C` and `4^(@)C`. The volume of a given amount of water decreases as it is cooled from room temperature, until its temperature reaches `4^(@)C`. <br/> Below `4^(@)C`, the volume increases, and therefore the density decreases. <br/> This means that water has a maximum density at `4^(@)C`. <br/> <img src="https://doubtnut-static.s.llnwi.net/static/physics_images/KPK_AIO_PHY_XI_P2_C11_E01_012_S01.png" width="80%"/> <br/> This property has an important environmental effect : Bodies of water, such as lakes and ponds, freeze at the top first. <br/> As a <a href="https://interviewquestions.tuteehub.com/tag/lake-1065675" style="font-weight:bold;" target="_blank" title="Click to know more about LAKE">LAKE</a> cools toward `4^(@)C`, water near the surface <a href="https://interviewquestions.tuteehub.com/tag/loses-1079374" style="font-weight:bold;" target="_blank" title="Click to know more about LOSES">LOSES</a> energy to the <a href="https://interviewquestions.tuteehub.com/tag/atmosphere-13116" style="font-weight:bold;" target="_blank" title="Click to know more about ATMOSPHERE">ATMOSPHERE</a>, becomes denser, and sinks, the warmer, less dense water near the bottom rises. However, once the colder water on top reaches temperature below `4^(@)C`, it becomes less dense and remains at the surface, where it freezes. <br/> If water did not have this property, lakes and ponds would freeze from the bottom up, which would destroy much of their <a href="https://interviewquestions.tuteehub.com/tag/animal-363268" style="font-weight:bold;" target="_blank" title="Click to know more about ANIMAL">ANIMAL</a> and plant life.</body></html>


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