Home Rule Movement: Home Rule League was founded by Mrs. Annie Besant at Madras and by Bal Gangadhar Tilak at Pune in 1916 A.D. Its main objective was to establish a home rule or Swaraj in India and to arose consciousness about Swaraj among the Indians. Bal Gangadhar Tilak was of the view that “Swaraj is my birthright and I shall have it.” As a result, the Indian minister of Britain declared on Aug. 1917 that British Government would establish institutions of self-rule in India, and slowly and slowly self-rule will be established in the country. Just after this declaration, Home Rule League came to an end gradually.

Lucknow Pact: First World War started in Europe in 1914 A.D. British fought against Muslim country, Turkey in this war. The Sultan of Turkey was the religious leader of all the Muslims of the world. That’s why leaders of the Muslim League got annoyed with this and joined hands with Indian National Congress. In 1916 A.D., one pact took place between both the parties at Lucknow according to which separate representation for Muslims was accepted by Indian National Congress. So both these parties started to take part in the national movements in association with each other. It gave new strength to a national movement.