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Functions of all the cell organelles.

Answer» Functions of the cytoplasm\tThe cytoplasm provides mechanical support to the cell by exerting pressure against the cell\'s membrane which helps keep the shape of the cell. This pressure is known as turgor pressure.\tIt is the site of most cellular activities including metabolism, cell division and protein synthesis.\tThe cytoplasm contains ribosomes which assist in the synthesis of protein.\tThe cytoplasm acts a storage area for small carbohydrate, lipid and protein molecules.\tThe cytoplasm suspends and can transport organelles around the cell.Functions of the nucleus\tThe main function of the cell nucleus is to control gene expression and facilitate the replication of DNA during the cell cycle (which you will learn about in the next chapter).\tThe nucleus controls the metabolic functions of the cell by producing mRNA which encodes for enzymes e.g. insulin.\tThe nucleus controls the structure of the cell by transcribing DNA which encodes for structural proteins such as actin and keratin.\tThe nucleus is the site of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis, which is important for the construction of ribosomes. Ribosomes are the site of protein translation (synthesis of proteins from amino acids).\tCharacteristics are transmitted from parent to offspring through genetic material contained in the nucleus.Functions of the Golgi bodyIt is important for proteins to be transported from where they are synthesised to where they are required in the cell. The organelle responsible for this is the Golgi Body. The Golgi body is the sorting organelle of the cell.Functions of the vacuole\t\tThe vacuole plays an important role in digestion and excretion of cellular waste and storage of water and organic and inorganic substances.\t\t\tThe vacuole takes in and releases water by osmosis in response to changes in the cytoplasm, as well as in the environment around the cell.\t\t\tThe vacuole is also responsible for maintaining the shape of plant cells. When the cell is full of water, the vacuole exerts pressure outwards, pushing the cell membrane against the cell wall. This pressure is called turgor pressure.\t\t\tIf there is not sufficient water, pressure exerted by the vacuole is reduced and the cells become flaccid causing the plant to wilt\t\xa0


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