| (i) Aggregate fruit | Multiple fruits |
| It is a group of fruit lets which develop from the free ovaries of a single flower. | It is a group of fruit lets which is formed from a whole inflorescence including peduncle. |
| (ii) Amphicribal vascular bundle | Amphivasal vascular handle |
| It consists of a central core of xylem, surrounded completely by phloem on all sides. | It consists of a central core of phloem, surrounded completely by xylem on all sides. |
| (iii) Open vascular system | Closed vascular system |
| It contains a strip of cambium in between xylem and phloem. | It lacks cambium between xylem and phloem. |
| (iv) Uricotelism | Ammonotelism |
| It is the elimination of uric acid as the main nitrogenous waste material. | It is the elimination of nitrogen waste mainly as ammonia. |
| (v) Auxetic growth | Accretionary growth |
| In this the body grows in dimension merely by the enlargement of its cells without any increase in the number of cells. | There is production of new cells to replace the wornout differentiated cells, by mitotic division of special undifferentiated reserve cells, present along with differentiated cells. |