Give reasons for the following: 1. Iron is rendered passive with fumi

1.	Give reasons for the following: 1. Iron is rendered passive with fuming nitric acid. 2. An aqueous solution of sodium chloride conducts electricity. 3. Ionisation potential of the element increases across a period.4. Alkali metals are good reducing agents. 5. ydrogen chloride gas cannot be dried over quick lime
Answer» 1. Cone. HNO₃ being a strong oxidising agent oxidises iron, forming a layer that makes iron non reactive or passive. 2. Aqueous solution of sodium chloride contains mobile ions like Na⁺ , Cl^– , H⁺ , OH^– , H₃O⁺ etc. so they conduct electricity. 3. Atomic size decreases and nuclear charges increases as we move from left to right in a period so energy required to remove one electron from the valence shell increases from left to right thus ionisation potential increases. 4. Alkali metals readily lose electrons from their valence shell and get oxidised. So they behave as good reducing agents. 5. Hydrogen chloride is acidic whereas quick lime is basic. So they will react with each other hence quick lime can not be used to dry hydrogen chloride.

Give reasons for the following: 1. Iron is rendered passive with fuming nitric acid. 2. An aqueous solution of sodium chloride conducts electricity. 3. Ionisation potential of the element increases across a period.4. Alkali metals are good reducing agents. 5. ydrogen chloride gas cannot be dried over quick lime

Answer»

1. Cone. HNO₃ being a strong oxidising agent oxidises iron, forming a layer that makes iron non reactive or passive.

2. Aqueous solution of sodium chloride contains mobile ions like Na⁺ , Cl^– , H⁺ , OH^– , H₃O⁺ etc.

so they conduct electricity.

3. Atomic size decreases and nuclear charges increases as we move from left to right in a period so energy required to remove one electron from the valence shell increases from left to right thus ionisation potential increases.

4. Alkali metals readily lose electrons from their valence shell and get oxidised. So they behave as good reducing agents.

5. Hydrogen chloride is acidic whereas quick lime is basic. So they will react with each other hence quick lime can not be used to dry hydrogen chloride.

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