Give reasons for the following : (i) Photosynthesis is considered as

1.	Give reasons for the following : (i) Photosynthesis is considered as a process supporting all life on earth. (ii) A matured mammalian erythrocyte lacks nucleus and mitochondria. (iii) Potato cubes when placed in water become firm and increase in size. (iv) Urine is slightly thicker in summer than in winter. (v) People living in hilly regions usually suffer from simple goitre.
Answer» (i) Photosynthesis process leads to release of oxygen which is essential for all life on earth. It also produces food for all heterotrophs. (ii) Lack of nucleus helps in having more surface area for absorption and transport of oxygen. Lack of mitochondria helps in the way that RBC would not consume any oxygen that it is transporting. (iii) Water is a hypotonic medium, so endosmosis occurs due to which water enters into potato cells making them firm and larger in size i.e., making them turgid. (iv) In summer, body loses large amount of water by perspiration or direct evaporation. So blood is order to maintain its osmotic concentration reabsorbs large amount of water from the tubules of Nephron due to which there is less water left to be released as urine. So urine becomes thicker whereas in winter, there is less reabsorption. So thin urine is passed. (v) In hilly areas there is scarcity of iodine in the soil and in their diet. Deficiency of iodine leads to simple goitre.

Give reasons for the following : (i) Photosynthesis is considered as a process supporting all life on earth. (ii) A matured mammalian erythrocyte lacks nucleus and mitochondria. (iii) Potato cubes when placed in water become firm and increase in size. (iv) Urine is slightly thicker in summer than in winter. (v) People living in hilly regions usually suffer from simple goitre.

Answer»

(i) Photosynthesis process leads to release of oxygen which is essential for all life on earth. It also produces food for all heterotrophs.

(ii) Lack of nucleus helps in having more surface area for absorption and transport of oxygen. Lack of mitochondria helps in the way that RBC would not consume any oxygen that it is transporting.

(iii) Water is a hypotonic medium, so endosmosis occurs due to which water enters into potato cells making them firm and larger in size i.e., making them turgid.

(iv) In summer, body loses large amount of water by perspiration or direct evaporation. So blood is order to maintain its osmotic concentration reabsorbs large amount of water from the tubules of Nephron due to which there is less water left to be released as urine. So urine becomes thicker whereas in winter, there is less reabsorption. So thin urine is passed.

(v) In hilly areas there is scarcity of iodine in the soil and in their diet. Deficiency of iodine leads to simple goitre.

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