1.

How would you account for the following?(i) Many of the transition elements are known to form interstitial compounds.(ii) The metallic radii of the third (5d) series of transition metals are virtually the same as those of the corresponding group members of the second (4d) series.(iii) Lanthanoids form primarily +3 ions, while the actinoids usually have higher oxidation states in their compounds, +4 or even +6 being typical.

Answer»

(i) Interstitial compounds are well known for many of the transition elements because the transition elements are capable of entrapping small sized atoms such as H, C and N in the interstitial sites in their crystal lattices. These trapped atoms get bonded to the atoms of transition elements. TiC, Fe3H, Mn4N, etc. are some interstitial compounds
(ii) This is due to filling of 4f orbitals which have poor shielding effect.
(iii) This is due to very small energy gaps between 5f, 6d and 7s subshells in actinoids.



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