If there are 2^56 cipher texts per plain text and a total of 2^18 plaintexts of length 18 exists. Then determine the number of distinct ciphertexts?(a) 761(b) 2^74(c) 186(d) 2^89I got this question in an internship interview.This intriguing question comes from Cryptography topic in section Number Theory and Cryptography of Discrete Mathematics

If there are 2^56 cipher texts per plain text and a total of 2^18 plai

1.	If there are 2^56 cipher texts per plain text and a total of 2^18 plaintexts of length 18 exists. Then determine the number of distinct ciphertexts?(a) 761(b) 2^74(c) 186(d) 2^89I got this question in an internship interview.This intriguing question comes from Cryptography topic in section Number Theory and Cryptography of Discrete Mathematics
Answer» Right choice is (b) 2^74 To elaborate: If there are 2^56 cipher TEXTS per plain text and a total of 2^18 plaintexts of length 18 EXISTS which will all decrypt to the same plaintext, and this HOLDS for EVERY plaintext. There are a total of 2^56plaintexts of length 56. Now, there must be 2^56. 2^18 = 2^74 distinct ciphertexts which all decrypt to plaintexts of length 56. If all those ciphertexts are the same length, they must be at least 74 bits long.

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