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| Answer» <html><body><h2><u><strong>Question :-</strong></u></h2><p><strong>1. Write a Note on:</strong></p><p><strong>a) Giuseppe Mazzini</strong></p><p><strong>b) Count Camilo de Cavour</strong></p><p><strong>c) The Greek War of Independence</strong></p><p><strong>d) The Frankfurt <a href="https://interviewquestions.tuteehub.com/tag/parliament-596217" style="font-weight:bold;" target="_blank" title="Click to know more about PARLIAMENT">PARLIAMENT</a></strong></p><p><strong>e) The role of women in nationalist struggles</strong></p><p><strong></strong></p><h2><u><strong>Answer :-</strong></u></h2><p><strong>a) Giuseppe Mazzini: Giuseppe Mazzini was an <a href="https://interviewquestions.tuteehub.com/tag/italian-520200" style="font-weight:bold;" target="_blank" title="Click to know more about ITALIAN">ITALIAN</a> revolutionary. He was born in Genoa in 1807. He</strong></p><p><strong>was a member of the secret society of the Carbonari. At the age of 24, he was sent into exile in 1831 for</strong></p><p><strong>attempting a revolution in Liguria. He founded underground societies named ‘Young Italy’ in Marseilles</strong></p><p><strong>and ‘Young Europe’ in Berne, whose members were like-minded young men from Poland, <a href="https://interviewquestions.tuteehub.com/tag/france-1679" style="font-weight:bold;" target="_blank" title="Click to know more about FRANCE">FRANCE</a>, Italy</strong></p><p><strong>and the German States. He believed that God had intended nations to be the natural units of mankind.</strong></p><p><strong>So, Italy had to be forged into a single unified republic within a wider alliance of nations.</strong></p><p><strong>b) Count Camilo de Cavour: Cavour was chief minister of Sardinia-Piedmont state who led the movement</strong></p><p><strong>to unify the regions of Italy. He was neither a revolutionary nor a <a href="https://interviewquestions.tuteehub.com/tag/democrat-431515" style="font-weight:bold;" target="_blank" title="Click to know more about DEMOCRAT">DEMOCRAT</a>. Like many other wealthy and</strong></p><p><strong>educated members of the Italian elite, he spoke French much better than he did Italian. He engineered a</strong></p><p><strong>careful diplomatic alliance with France, which helped Sardinia-Piedmont defeat the Austrian forces in</strong></p><p><strong>1859, and thereby free the northern part of Italy from the Austrian Habsburgs.</strong></p><p><strong>c) The Greek War of Independence: Greece was a part of the Ottoman Empire since the 15th century.</strong></p><p><strong>The struggle for independence amongst the <a href="https://interviewquestions.tuteehub.com/tag/greeks-476833" style="font-weight:bold;" target="_blank" title="Click to know more about GREEKS">GREEKS</a> began in 1821. Nationalists in Greece got support</strong></p><p><strong>from other Greeks living in exile and also from many Western Europeans sharing sympathies for ancient</strong></p><p><strong>Greek culture. Poets and artists lauded Greece as the cradle of European civilisation and mobilised public</strong></p><p><strong>opinion to support its struggle against a Muslim empire. Finally, the Treaty of Constantinople of 1832</strong></p><p><strong>recognised Greece as an independent nation.</strong></p><p><strong>d) The Frankfurt Parliament: It was an all-German National Assembly formed by a large number of</strong></p><p><strong>political associations whose members were middle-class professionals, businessmen and prosperous</strong></p><p><strong>artisans. Its first meeting was convened on 18 May 1848 in the Church of St. Paul at Frankfurt. They</strong></p><p><strong>drafted a constitution for the German nation to be headed by a monarchy subject to a parliament. The</strong></p><p><strong>king of Prussia rejected the crown offered by the deputies of parliament and joined other monarchs to</strong></p><p><strong>oppose the elected assembly. As it was dominated by the middle classes who resisted the demands of</strong></p><p><strong>workers and artisans and consequently lost their support. In the end, troops were called in and the</strong></p><p><strong>assembly was forced to disband.</strong></p><p><strong>e) The role of women in nationalist struggles: The issue of extending political rights to women was a</strong></p><p><strong>controversial one within the liberal movement, in which large numbers of women had participated actively</strong></p><p><strong>over the years. Women had formed their own political associations, founded newspapers and taken part</strong></p><p><strong>in political meetings and demonstrations. Despite this, they were denied suffrage during the election of</strong></p><p><strong>the Assembly. When the Frankfurt Parliament convened in the Church of St. Paul, women were admitted</strong></p><p><strong>only as observers to stand in the visitors’ gallery.</strong></p><p><strong></strong></p><p><strong></strong></p><p><strong>Hope it helps ❤</strong></p><p></p></body></html> | |