1) Photosynthesis 

2) Transpiration

3) Transportation

Photosynthesis:  Photosynthesis is the process by which plants make energy to grow. Photosynthesis requires sunlight, water and carbon dioxide. We demonstrated what happens when a plant cannot photosynthesise when we made our cress caterpillar.

Transpiration:  Transpiration is the process by which water moves up the stem of a plant from root to leaf when water is lost from the plant due to evaporation occurring at the leaves. This continual flow of water and nutrients  keeps the plant’s cells firm, if the cells become short of water they lose firmness and the plant starts to wilt.

We can demonstrate transpiration by placing white flowers in coloured water, the water travels up the stem to the petals which become coloured like the water.

Transportation: Transportation is a vital process in plants. Trees transport all the nutrients and water it needs for survival from its roots to the tips of the leaves.

In the case of transportation in plants, the biggest constraint is water as it ends up being a limiting factor in growth.  To overcome this problem, trees and other plants have the perfect system for the absorption and translocation of water.