Poverty measurement is an unsettled issue, both conceptually and methodologically. Since poverty is a process as an outcome many come out of it whileothers may befallinginto it. The neteffect of these twoparallel processes is a proportion commonly identified as thehead count ratio, butthese ratios hide the fundamental dynanism that characterises poverty in practice. Themostrecent poverty re estimatesby an expertgrouphas also missedthecrucialdynamism. In a studyconducted on 13,000 householdswhichrepresented the entire countryisn 1993- 94 andagain on 2004-05, it wasfoundthat in the ten-years period 18.2% rural popluationmoved out of poverty where another 22.1% fellinto it over this period. Thisnet increase of aboutfour perecntangepoints was seen to have a considerablevariation across states and regions. Which of the following is an assumption which is implicit in the facts statedin the aboveparagraph ? 1)It may not be possible to have an accurate poverty measurement in India.2) Level of poverty in India is static over the years.3) Researchers avoid making conclusions on poverty measurement data in India.4) Government of India has a mechanism to measure level of poverty effectively and accurately.