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Question : Give Information regarding characteristics of muscles and its types.

Answer»

Solution :Muscle is a specialised tissue originated from mesodermal.
It has total 40-50% weight of adult MAN.
Muscle have special PROPERTIES like excitability, contractility, extensibility and elasticity.
Muscles have been classified using different criteria, like location, appearance and functionality.
There are three types of muscle based on their location: (i) Skeletal Muscles (ii) Visceral Muscles (iii) Cardiac Muscles.
(i) Skeletal Muscles : They are closely associated with the skeletal component of the body. (Head, Limbs, trunk etc.)
Under the microscope they have dark and light stripes hence they are called striated muscles.
They are under the control of voluntary nervous system hence they are known as voluntary muscles too.
These muscles are associated in locomotory actions and changes of body POSTURES.
(ii) Visceral Muscles / Non-striated : They are located in inner walls of HOLLOW visceral organs of body like the alimentary canal, reproductive track, trachea etc.
They do not show any striation and are smooth in appearance, so they are called smooth muscles (non- striated muscle).
Their activitiesare not under the voluntary control of the nervous system and are therefore known as involuntary muscles.
They are involved in functions like transportation of food through the digestive tract, gametes through the genital tract.
(iii) Cardiac Muscles : It is the group/bunch of muscles forming heart. Many cardiac muscles cells assemble to form branching pattern, cardiac muscles are short, cylindrical and connected with each other by branching processes.
Contraction of cardiac muscles is speedy, regular and continuous (not Fatigued). They are connected with each other by many small bridges and RECEIVES tremendous blood supply.


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