1.

Read the following paragraph and interpret the changes taken place in the social and economic fields in India. ''  Land reforms were implemented in a halfhearted manner across India. While the Zamindari system was abolished, redistribution of land to landless did not take place. The rich and powerful in the rural areas continued to control most of the land. The dalits continued to be landless but benefited from the abolition of forced labour and abolition of untouchability.

Answer»

The Constituent Assembly had called for social, economic and political justice and equality of status and opportunity as its agenda. 

1. For that the Planning Commission was set up within a month. The First Five Year Plan focussed on agriculture. 

2. The strategy favoured by Nehru and finally adopted included three components. 

  1.  Landforms 
  2.  Agricultural co-operatives 
  3.  Local Self Government 

3. Three types of land reforms were contemplated: 

  1.  Abolition of Zamindari system 
  2.  Tenancy reforms and 
  3.  Land Ceilings. 

4. Local self-government would ensure that the land reforms were carried out and the cooperatives run according to the collective interests of the village. 

5. Dams were constructed and were useful to both the agriculture and industrial sector. 

6. The Second Five Year Plan shifted emphasis to industries. As a result, the service sector also would develop.



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