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Step of kerb cycle

Answer» Step 1Acetyl Co-A combines with a four-carbon compound, oxaloacetate, and releases the CoA group resulting in a six-carbon molecule called citrate.Step 2In the second step, citrate gets converted to isocitrate, an isomer of citrate. This is a two-step process. Citrate first loses a water molecule and then gains one to form isocitrate.Step 3The third step involves oxidation of isocitrate. A molecule of carbon dioxide is released leaving behind a five-carbon molecule, ɑ-ketoglutarate. NAD+ gets reduced to NADH. The entire process is catalyzed by the enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase.Step 4Here, ɑ-ketoglutarate is oxidized reducing NAD+ to NADH and releasing a molecule of carbon dioxide.CoA is picked up by the remaining four-carbon molecules forming an unstable compound succinyl CoA. ɑ-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase catalyzes the entire process.Step 5CoA from succinyl CoA is replaced with a phosphate group. It is then transferred to ADP to make ATP. Succinate, a four-carbon molecule is produced in this step.Step 6Succinate is oxidized to fumarate. Two hydrogen atoms are transferred to FAD to produce FADH2. FADH2 transfers its electrons directly to the electron transport chain since the enzyme carrying out the reaction is embedded in the inner membrane of mitochondria.Step 7A water molecule is added to fumarate which is then converted to malate.Step 8The oxidation of malate regenerates oxaloacetate, a four-carbon compound, and another molecule of NAD+ is reduced to NADH in this step.


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