The diagram given below is that of a developing human foetus. Study th

1.	The diagram given below is that of a developing human foetus. Study the diagram and then answer the questions that follow:(i) Label the parts numberred 1 to 3 in the diagram. (ii) Mention any two functions of the part labelled 2 in the diagram, (iii) Explain the significance of the part numbered 3 in the diagram. (iv) Define the term 'Gestation'. What is the normal gestational period of the developing human embryo ? (v) Mention the sex chromosomes in a male and female embryo.
Answer» (i) 1 - Umbilical cord 2 - Placenta 3 - Amniotic fluid filled in amniotic cavity (ii) Functions of the part labelled 2, i.e., placenta, are as follows : 1. Placenta also acts as an important endocrine gland that secretes a number of hormones. 2. Placenta acts as a barrier preventing the entry of pathogens and toxins in the body of foetus. (iii) The part numbered 3 is the amniotic fluid filled amniotic cavity. The embryo is inside the amniotic cavity and is surrounded by amniotic fluid. Amniotic fluid acts a shock absorber and protects the embryo from any injury and also prevents its desiccation. (iv) Gestation, also referred as pregnancy, is the time period from conception to the birth of a baby. The normal gestation period for the developing human embryo is approximately 9 months + 10 days, i.e., 280 days. (v) A male embryo will have the sex chromosomal complement as XY, whereas a female embryo will have XX.

The diagram given below is that of a developing human foetus. Study the diagram and then answer the questions that follow:(i) Label the parts numberred 1 to 3 in the diagram. (ii) Mention any two functions of the part labelled 2 in the diagram, (iii) Explain the significance of the part numbered 3 in the diagram. (iv) Define the term 'Gestation'. What is the normal gestational period of the developing human embryo ? (v) Mention the sex chromosomes in a male and female embryo.

Answer»

(i)

1 - Umbilical cord

2 - Placenta

3 - Amniotic fluid filled in amniotic cavity

(ii) Functions of the part labelled 2, i.e., placenta, are as follows :

1. Placenta also acts as an important endocrine gland that secretes a number of hormones.

2. Placenta acts as a barrier preventing the entry of pathogens and toxins in the body of foetus.

(iii) The part numbered 3 is the amniotic fluid filled amniotic cavity. The embryo is inside the amniotic cavity and is surrounded by amniotic fluid. Amniotic fluid acts a shock absorber and protects the embryo from any injury and also prevents its desiccation.

(iv) Gestation, also referred as pregnancy, is the time period from conception to the birth of a baby. The normal gestation period for the developing human embryo is approximately 9 months + 10 days, i.e., 280 days.

(v) A male embryo will have the sex chromosomal complement as XY, whereas a female embryo will have XX.

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