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What are lipids? Classify them and give at least one example of each. |
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Answer» Lipids: Lipids are a group of heterogeneous compounds like fats, oils, steroids, waxes, etc. They are macro-biomolecules. These are group of substances with greasy consistency with long hydrocarbon chain containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Lipids are classified into: 1. Saturated fatty acids: They contain single chain of carbon atoms with single bonds. E.g. Palmitic acid, stearic acid 2. Unsaturated fatty acids: They contain one or more double bonds between the carbon atoms of the hydrocarbon chain. a. Simple lipids: These are esters of fatty acids with various alcohols. E.g. Fats, wax b. Compound lipids: These are ester of fatty acids containing other groups like phosphate (Phospholipids), sugar (glycolipids), etc. E.g. Lecithin c. Sterols: They are derived lipids. They are composed of fused hydrocarbon rings (steroid nucleus) and a long hydrocarbon side chain. E.g. Cholesterol, phytosterols. |
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