A normalization which ensures a reduction in redundancy and dependability. It is a popular database breaking down large tables into smaller ones with the help of a relationship. Edgar code was the first one who coined the term normalization and came with three different forms of normalization(1NF,2NF,3NF). Raymond F. Boyce later added another form of normalization which has been NAMED after both inventors (Boyce-Codd NF). Till now we have below normalization forms available so far:

• 1st Normal Form
• 2nd  3rd
• Boyce-Codd NF
• 4th    5th 6th

But in most practical scenario database design is well supported till 3NF only. Now, let us understand the first four forms of normalization:

• 1NF:  1NF has the below characteristics :
  • Each ROW cell   should have a single value
  • Each row needs to be unique

• 2NF: The second normal form is an extension of 1NF. It has two rules:
  • It has to be 1NF
  • It should have a single column as Primary Key

The above 1NF table can be extended to 2NF by diving above tables into below two tables:

• 3 NF: This normalization form has also two rules:
  • It has to be in 2 NF
  • It should not have a structure in which changes in non-key column value changes another non-key column

For the above table structure, we can have below design to support 3 NF

• BC NF: This is required when we have more than one candidate key.