Types of fishery are:

(a) Fin fishery and Shell fishery

(b) Capture fishery and culture fishery

(c) Marine fishery and Inland fishery

(a) Fin fishery and Shell fishery

Fish production involves fin fishery and shell fishery. Two main species of finned true fish are Catla and Rohu, and that of shellfish such as prawns and mollusks.

(b) Capture fishery and culture fishery

Fish are obtained by capture fishing as an economic source for their meat.

• Capture fishing involves capturing of fish from sea water or fresh water. Culture fishing involves culturing the fish in small enclosures.
• Capture fishing is classified into marine fishery and inland fishery depending upon the resources used for fishing.

Culture fishery involves rearing of fish in small structures like wells.

• Fish farming can be done in the rice field where both grains and fish can be harvested from the farm.
• As feeding habits of fish differ from species to species, many varieties can be reared on the same farm. Composite fish farming is rearing of different varieties of fish in the same area. e.g. Composite fish farming includes Catla, the surface feeders, Rohu, feed in the middle zone of a pond, Mrigal and common carp, the bottom feeders, and grass carp, feeding on weeds. These species can co-exist in a single pond, and thus, increase the yield of fish from the pond.

(c) Marine fishery and Inland fishery

• Mariculture is the culture of fish in marine water.
• Marine fishery involves fishing in salt water regions.
• Some examples of marine fish are Pomphret, Tuna and Mackerel.
• Fish are captured by locating large schools of fish, in the open sea, with the help of satellites and echo-sounders.
• Marine fish of high economic value are farmed in seawater. Shellfish, such as prawns, mussels and oysters are also farmed in seawater. Oysters are cultivated for their pearls.