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What are the types of biofertilizers? How does the soil benefit from them? |
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Answer» There are three type of biofertilizers: (i) bacteria (ii) fungi (iii) cyanobacteria Biofertilizers are organisms that enrich the nutrient quality of the soil. The main sources of biofertilizer are bacteria, fungi and cynobacteria. Rhizobium fix atmospheric nitrogen into organic forms through nodules on the root of leguminous plants, which is used by the plant as nutrient. Other bacteria can fix atmospheric nitrogen while free living in the soil (example Azospirillium and Azotobacter), thus enriching the nitrogen content of the soil. Fungi are also known to form symbiotic associations with plants (i.e., Mycorrhiza). Cyanobacteria are autotropic microbes widely distributed in aquatic and terrestrial environments many of which can fix atmospheric nitrogen. e.g., Anabaena, Nostoc etc. In paddy fields, Cyanobacteria serve as an important biofertilizer. Blue green algae also acid organic matter to the soil and increase the fertility. |
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