1. Common Language Runtime. It works as an interface between an Operating Systems and the applications which are developed using the .NET framework. The main objective of CLR is to execute the program by converting the managed code to native code. CLR 's Just In Time (JIT) compilation converts Intermediate Language (MSIL) to native code at application run time.

When .Net application is executed, then the control goes to Operating System, which creates a process to load CLR

2. CLR services

• Assembly Resolver
• Assembly Loader
• Type Checker
• COM marshaller
• DEBUG Manager
• Thread Support
• IL to Native compiler
• Exception Manager
• Garbage Collector

3. Assembly Resolve

It will send the request to the assembly loader by identifying assembly whether it is private or SHARED assembly.

4. Assembly Loader

ACCORDING to the assembly resolver instruction, the assembly loader loads the instruction into the application.

5. Type Checker

To provide the safety checker helps in verifying the types which are used in the application with CTS or CLS

6. COM marshaller

It helps in getting communicating with the COM components which supports the COM interoperability.

7. Debug Manager

Using this we can check the code by line by line according to that we can make the changes in the code without terminating the application execution.

8. Thread Support

It manages more than one execution path in the application process, this provides multithreading support.

9. IL to Native compiler

Just In Time (JIT) compiler is used to convert the IL code to native code.

10. Exception Manager

It will handle exceptions thrown by application by executing catch block provided by exception, if there is no catch block, it will terminate the application.

11. Garbage Collector

when we wanted to remove the UNWANTED resources from the code which is no longer in use can be done by the garbage collector.

Like as the database connection in the application which is no longer in use when compilation stops.