tion:GENETIC engineering is the process of modifying an organism’s DNA to introduce NEW, desirable traits. Many organisms, from bacteria to plants and animals, have been genetically modified for academic, medical, agricultural, and industrial purposes. While genetic engineering has definite benefits, ethical concerns surround modifying humans and our food supply.Application of genetic engineering:An important application of recombinant DNA technology is to alter the genotype of crop plants to make them more productive, nutritious, rich in proteins, disease resistant, and less FERTILIZER consuming. Recombinant DNA technology and tissue culture techniques can produce high YIELDING cereals, pulses and vegetable crops.Some plants have been genetically programmed to YIELD high protein grains that could show resistance to heat, moisture and diseases.Genetic engineering plays significant role in the production of medicines.Microorganisms and plant based substances are now being manipulated to produce large amount of useful drugs, vaccines, enzymes and hormones at low costs. Genetic engineering is concerned with the study (inheritance pattern of diseases in man and collection of human genes that could provide a complete map for inheritance of healthy individuals.