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What is Joule’s heating effect? How can it be demonstrated experimentally? List its four applications in daily life

Answer»

According to Joules heating effect heat produces in a resistor is  

a) Directly proportional to square of current for the given resistor. 

b) Directly proportional to resistance for a given current, 

c) Directly proportional to the time of current flowing through the resistor. 

This can be expressed as

H = I2Rt

H is heating effect, I is electric current, R is resistance and t is time

Experiment to demonstrate Joules law of heating 

  • Take a water heating immersion rod and connect to a socket which is connected to regulator. 
  • It Is important to recall that a regulator controls the amount of current flowing through a device.
  • Keep the pointer of regulator on minimum and count the time taken by immersion rod to heat a certain amount of water.
  • Increase the pointer of regulator to next level. 
  • Count the time taken by immersion rod to heat the same amount of water.
  • Repeat above step for higher levels on regulator to count the time.

Observation: 

  • It is seen that with increased amount of electric current, less time is required o heat the same amount of water. 
  • This shows Joule's Law of Heating.

Application: 

Electric toaster, oven, electric kettle and electric heater etc. work on the basis of leafing effect of current.



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