Why transition elements show tendency to form large number of complexe

1.	Why transition elements show tendency to form large number of complexes?
Answer» All the transition metals have a tendency to form complexes. The tendency arises due to the following reasons: a. They have small ionic radii. b. They have high effective ionic charge. c. Hence, they have high ratio of ionic charge to ionic radius. d. Transition metals and ions have vacant d-orbitals which can accomodate the lone pairs of electrons from the ligands to form coordination compounds. e. Transition metals show variable oxidation states. f. After accepting the electrons from the ligands, metal ions acquire a stable electronic configuration of the nearest inert element and form stable complexes. eg. [Cu(NH₃)₄] ²+, [Co(NH₃)₆]³⁺, [Ni(CN)₄]^2- , etc. ii. The stability of these complexes depends upon the nature of the metal ion, ligands and their bonding.

Why transition elements show tendency to form large number of complexes?

Answer»

All the transition metals have a tendency to form complexes.

The tendency arises due to the following reasons:

a. They have small ionic radii.

b. They have high effective ionic charge.

c. Hence, they have high ratio of ionic charge to ionic radius.

d. Transition metals and ions have vacant d-orbitals which can accomodate the lone pairs of electrons from the ligands to form coordination compounds.

e. Transition metals show variable oxidation states.

f. After accepting the electrons from the ligands, metal ions acquire a stable electronic configuration of the nearest inert element and form stable complexes.

eg. [Cu(NH₃)₄] ²+, [Co(NH₃)₆]³⁺, [Ni(CN)₄]^2- , etc.

ii. The stability of these complexes depends upon the nature of the metal ion, ligands and their bonding.

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