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12. How is oxygen and carbon dioxide transported in human beings? |
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Answer» Exchange of gases takes place between the alveoli of the lungs and the surrounding blood capillaries. The two main gases exchanged are oxygen and carbon dioxide. Oxygen is absorbed by the blood capillaries from the lungs alveoli by diffusion while carbon-dioxide is absorbed by the lungs alveoli from blood capillaries by diffusion. Transport of oxygen and carbon-dioxide occurs with the help of respiratory pigment called haemoglobin.Haemoglobin, the iron-containing respiratory pigment is a red coloured pigment of blood, which has a very high affinity for oxygen. Haemoglobin though is purple coloured but oxy-haemoglobin is of bright red colour. Oxygen is transported from the lungs to the body cells in the form of oxy-haemoglobin.Carbon-dioxide is transported from the body cell to the lungs in the forms of carboxy-haemoglobin, carbonic acid, bicarbonates of sodium and potassium. |
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