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2. The structure and functions of female germ cells5. Fertilization and its essence |
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Fertilization, union of a sperm nucleus, of paternal origin, with an egg nucleus, of maternal origin, to form the primary nucleus of an EMBRYO. In all organisms the essence of fertilization is, in fact, the fusion of the hereditary material of two different SEX cells, or gametes, each of which CARRIES half the number of chromosomes typical of the SPECIES. The most primitive form of fertilization, found in microorganisms and protozoans, consists of an exchange of genetic material between two cells.
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