Answer:

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Explanation:

The English Civil War (1642–1651) was a series of civil wars and political machinations between Parliamentarians ("Roundheads") and Royalists ("Cavaliers") PRINCIPALLY over the manner of England's governance. The first (1642–1646) and second (1648–1649) wars pitted the supporters of King Charles I against the supporters of the Long Parliament, while the third (1649–1651) saw fighting between supporters of King Charles II and supporters of the Rump Parliament. The war ended with Parliamentarian victory at the Battle of Worcester on 3 September 1651.

English Civil War

The victory of the Parliamentarian New Model Army over the Royalist Army at the Battle of Naseby on 14 June 1645 marked the decisive TURNING point in the English Civil War.Date22 August 1642 – 3 September 1651Location

Kingdoms of England, Ireland and Scotland.

ResultParliamentarian victoryBelligerentsRoyalistsParliamentariansCommanders and leaders

King Charles I 

Prince Rupert of the Rhine

King Charles II

Robert Devereux, Earl of Essex

Thomas Fairfax

Oliver Cromwell

Casualties and losses50,000[1]34,000[1]127,000 non-combat deaths (including some 40,000 civilians)[a]

The outcome of the war was threefold: the trial and execution of Charles I (1649); the exile of his son, Charles II (1651); and the replacement of English monarchy with, at first, the Commonwealth of England (1649–1653) and then the Protectorate under the personal rule of Oliver Cromwell (1653–1658) and briefly his son Richard (1658–1659). A king had never been executed before. In England, the monopoly of the Church of England on Christian worship was ended, while in Ireland the victors consolidated the established Protestant Ascendancy. Constitutionally, the wars established the precedent that an English monarch cannot GOVERN without Parliament's consent, ALTHOUGH the IDEA of Parliamentary sovereignty was only legally established as part of the Glorious Revolution in 1688.[2]

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