1.

(a) Comment on the pattern in which all communities undergo a change in composition and structure with changing environmental conditions.(b) Explain ‘Climax community’ and ‘sere’.(c) Differentiate between primary and secondary succession with examples.

Answer»

(a) Orderly and sequential changes parallel with changes in physical enviromment 
(b) climax community-changes finally lead to a community that is in equilibrium with environment  Sere-the entire sequence of communities that successively change in a given area

(c) Primary succesionSecondary suession
(i) occurs in newly cooled lave/ bare rock/ newly created pond.occurs in abandoned / destroyed forest 
(ii) Slow process Fast Process



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