1.

a) Explain the buffer action in a basic buffer containing equimolar ammonium hydroxide and ammonium chloride.

Answer»

SOLUTION :(a) Dissociation of BUFFER components
`NH_4 OH_((aq)) hArr NH_(4(aq))^(+)`
`NH_4 CI to NH_(4)^(+)+CI^+`
Addition of `OH^(-)`
The added `H^+` ions are neutralized by `NH_4 OH` and there is no appreciable decrease in pH.
`NH_4 OH_((aq))+H^+to NH_(4(aq))^(+) +H_2 O(I)`
Addition of
`NH_(4(aq))^(+)+OH_((aq))^(-) to NH_4 OH_((aq))`
The added `OH^(-)` ions react with `NH_(4)^(+)` to produce unionized `NH_(4) OH`. Since `NH_4 OH` is a weak base, there is no appreciable INCREASEIN pH.


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