(a) Financing is one of the important factor that can affect the marketing activity, For example, if finance department in any organisation limits the marketing budget, than it makes difficult to reach the target demographic. Hence, more financing will facilitate the marketing activities to reach more and more demographic. 

(b) Four sources of external recruitment: 

1. Advertisements 

2. Placement Agencies 

3. Campus Interviews 

4. Employment Exchanges. 

(c) Modes of Purchasing Goods: 

1. Purchase Cards: Purchase cards work well for medium-sized purchases that you need to track but that don’t necessitate a purchase order requisition. 

2. Purchase Orders: These are requisition forms that acts as a formal agreement between buyer and supplier regarding the prices and terms agreed upon for the purchase. 

(d) Two disadvantages of Road Transport over Water Transport: 

1. In road transport maintenance charges are required therefore freight charges are not stable and uniform whereas rivers and oceans are natural tracks and no capital investment is required for their maintenance so water transport is stable and cheapest mode of transport. 

2. Road transport can carry only a small load and is not suitable for heavy and bulky goods in large quantity whereas water transport is extremely suitable for carrying heavy and bulky goods. 

(e) Effective communication is essential at all stages in the functioning of an organisation. When the organisational structure of a firm is complex, consisting of several levels of authority, there are greater chances of distortion or breakdown in communication which tends to be slow and rigid and hence effective communication cannot take place.