InterviewSolution
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InterviewSolution
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(a) (i) Discuss the manufactures of chlorine. (ii) What is inert pair effect? |
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Answer» Solution :(a) (i) Electrolytic process: When a solution of brine (NaCl) is electrolysed, `Na^(+)` ions are formed. `Na^(+)` ions reacts with `OH^(-)` ions of water and forms sodium hydroxide. Hydrogen and chlorine are liberated as gases. `{:(NaCl to Na^(+) + Cl^(-), "At Cathode", "At the cathode"),(H_(2)O to H^(+) + OH^(-), H^(+) + e^(-) to H, Cl^(-) to Cl + e^(-)),(Na^(+) + OH^(-) to NaOH, H + H to H_(2), Cl +Cl to Cl_(2)):}` Deacon.s process: In this process a mixture of air and hydrochloric acid is passed up a chamber containing a NUMBER of shelves, pumice stones SOAKED in cuprous chloride are placed. Hot gases at about 723 K are passed through a jacket that surrounds the chamber. `4HCl + O_(2) overset(400^(@)C) underset(Cu_(2)Cl_(2)) to 2H_(2)O + Cl_(2) uarr` The chlorine obtained by this method is dilute and is EMPLOYED for the MANUFACTURE of bleaching POWDER. The catalysed reaction is given below, `2Cu_(2)Cl_(2) + O_(2) to underset("Cuprous oxy chloride") (2Cu_(2)OCl_(2))` `Cu_(2)OCl_(2) + 2HCl to underset("Cupric chloride") (2CuCl_(2) + H_(2)O)` `2CuCl_(2) to underset("Cuprous Chloride")(Cu_(2)Cl_(2) + Cl_(2))` (ii) In p-block elements, as we go down the group, two electrons present in the valence s-orbital become inert and are not available for bonding (only p-orbital involves chemical bonding). This is called inert pair effect. |
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