(a) Name the stage in the cell cycle where DNA replication occurs. (b

1.	(a) Name the stage in the cell cycle where DNA replication occurs. (b) Explain the mechanism of DNA replication. Highlight the role of enzymes in the process. (c) Why is DNA replication said to be semiconservative?
Answer» (a) S-phase/synthetic phase (of interphase). (b) Enzymes for DNA replication • Various enzymes are required as catalysts during DNA replication in living cells. • DNA-dependent DNA polymerase: It catalyses the polymerisation of deoxynucleotides on DNA template. • Helicase: It unwinds the DNA strand to form the replication fork. • DNA ligase: It joins the Okazaki fragments which are formed on the lagging strand. (c) During DNA replication in the two newly synthesised daughter DNA one strand is parental (conserved) the other is newly synthesised. That is why it is called semiconservative.

(a) Name the stage in the cell cycle where DNA replication occurs. (b) Explain the mechanism of DNA replication. Highlight the role of enzymes in the process. (c) Why is DNA replication said to be semiconservative?

Answer»

(a) S-phase/synthetic phase (of interphase).

(b) Enzymes for DNA replication

• Various enzymes are required as catalysts during DNA replication in living cells.

• DNA-dependent DNA polymerase: It catalyses the polymerisation of deoxynucleotides on DNA template.

• Helicase: It unwinds the DNA strand to form the replication fork.

• DNA ligase: It joins the Okazaki fragments which are formed on the lagging strand.

(c) During DNA replication in the two newly synthesised daughter DNA one strand is parental (conserved) the other is newly synthesised. That is why it is called semiconservative.

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