1.

(a) State any twoprecautionsthat must be taken into considerationwhile estimatingnationalby value added method. (b) In an economy, following transactionstook place. Calculatevalue of output and value added by Firm B : (i) Firm A sold to firmB goods of Rs. 80 core, to firm C Rs. 50 crore, to household Rs. 30 crore and goods of value Rs. 10 crore remain unsold. (ii) Firm B sold to firm C goods of Rs. 70 crore, to firm D Rs. 40 crore, goods of value Rs. 30 crore were exported and goods of value Rs. 5 crore was sold to government .

Answer»

Solution :(a) Precautions of value added method are :
(i) Value of sale and purchase of second hand goods is not CONSIDERED while estimatingvalue added as the value of second hand goods is already accountedduring the year theywere PRODUCED.
(ii) Value of intermediate goodsis not included in the estimationof value added because value of intermediate goods is reflectedin the value of final goods.
(b) Value of output of firm B = SALES of firm B to firm +Sales of firm B to firm D + Exports + Sales of firm B to Government
`=70+40+30+5`
= Rs. 145 crores
Value Added by Firm B = Value of output by Firm B - Purchases by Firm B from firm A
= 145-80
= Rs. 65 Crore


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