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Answer of the following: (i) The type of hybridization, which carbon atoms undergo in the formation of ethane molecule is. (ii) The type of hybridization, which carbon atoms undergo in the formation of ethene molecule (H_(2)C=CH_(2)) is. (iii) The type of hybridization, which carbon atoms undergo in the formation of ethyne molecule (HC-=CH) is. (iv) Carbon-carbon bond distance in benzene is intermediate between the C-C bond distances in ethene and ethane. (v) Alcohols have higher boiling points than the corresponding isomeric ethers. (vi) CH_(3)OH has higher boiling point than CH_(3)SH. (vii) The o-and p-chlorophenols have different boiling points. (viii) The three carbon-oxygen bonds are equal in carbonate ion. (ix) Carbon-oxygen bond lengths in formic acid are 1.23 Ã… and 1.36Ã… and both the carbon-oxygen bonds in sodium formaate have same value, i.e., 1.27Ã…. (x) A mixture of plant pigments is separated by which method? (xi) The purity of an organic solid is tested by which physical property? (xii) C-C bond lengths in ethane, ethylene and acetylene are. (xiii) What are the bond angles in sp^(3)-sp^(2)-and sp-hybrid orbitals? (xiv) Chloral hydrate, C CI_(3)CH(OH)_(2) is stable although it has two hydroxyl groups attached to the same carbon atom. (xv) C=C bond length is shorter than the C-C bond length. (xvi) Why o-hydroxy benzaldehyde is a liquid at room temperature while p-hydroxy benzaldehyde is a high melting solid?

Answer»


Answer :(i) `sp^(3); (ii) sp^(2); (iii) sp`; (iv) resonance in benzene molecule; (v) hydrogen BONDING is present in ALCOHOLS; (VI) oxygen is more electronagtive than SULPHUR. Thus, hydrogen bonding is present in `CH_(3)OH`; (vii)o-chlorophenol involves intraomolecular hydrogen bonding while p-chlorophenol involves intermolecular hydrogen bonding (viii) due to resonance; (ix) no resonance is present in formic ACID molecule but in formate ion resonance exists; (x) chromatograophy; (xi) melting point; (xii) C-C... `1.54Ã…, C=C....1.34Ã…, C-=C...120Ã…`; (xiii) `sp^(3) ...109^(@) 28', sp^(2)...120^(@), sp...180^(@)`, (xiv)o-hydroxy benzaldehyde has intramolecular H-bonding (so low melting point and is a liquid at room temperature), while p-hydroxy benzaldehyde have intermolecular H-bonding (so high melting point).


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