1.

Assertion: Food chains generally consist of more than four trophic levels. (1)Reason: There is a loss of energy at each trophic level and very little usable energy remains after four trophic levels.​

Answer»

. (a) The loss of energy at each step of food chain is so GREAT that very LITTLE usable energy REMAINS after four TROPHIC LEVELS. Hence, food chains generally consist of . only three or four steps.



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