1.

Assign the reason for the following observations:(a) The temporary hardness of water is removed by boiling. (b) In the Clark’s method, only calculated amount of lime is added to hard Water for removal of hardness. (c) Regeneration of sodium zeolite is essential by brine.

Answer»

a) because calcium and magnesium bicarbonates decomposes on heating or boiling 

b) It precipitates out calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide which can be filtered off. 

c) Permutit/Zeolite is said to be exhausted when all the sodium in it is used up. It is regenerated for further use by treating with an aqueous sodium chloride solution. 



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